Archive of Medical Research

Age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity score is associated with treatment decisions and clinical outcomes for patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.
BACKGROUND.: By using the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI), the authors characterized the impact of age and comorbidity on disease progression and overall survival after radical cystectomy (RC) for transitional cell carcinoma of […]

Comparative in vivo study of six hydroxyapatite-based bone graft substitutes.
Improvement of synthetic bone graft substitutes as suitable alternatives to a patient\’s own bone graft remains a challenge in biomaterials research. Our goal was to answer the question of whether improved osteoinductivity of a material would also translate to better bone-healing orthotopically. Three […]

Endoscopic ultrasound and computed tomography in restaging and predicting prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.
BACKGROUND.: The objective of the current study was to assess the staging accuracy and prognostic role of preoperative endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and computed tomography (CT) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) […]

Thyroid fine-needle aspiration samples inadequate for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis.
BACKGROUND.: Analysis of different tumor markers by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in fine-needle aspiration samples of thyroid nodules has been studied with the objective of improving the accuracy of the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid lesions. The aim of the current study […]

Rate of bilirubin regression after stenting in malignant biliary obstruction for the initiation of chemotherapy: how soon should we repeat endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography?
BACKGROUND.: This study was conducted to evaluate the rate of regression of bilirubin after stent placement for malignant biliary obstruction. METHODS.: Records were reviewed from October 2002 to September 2005 […]

Pygopus and the Wnt signaling pathway: A diverse set of connections.
Identification of Pygopus in Drosophila as a dedicated component of the Wg (fly homolog of mammalian Wnt) signaling cascade initiated many inquiries into the mechanism of its function. Surprisingly, the nearly exclusive role for Pygopus in Wg signal transduction in flies is […]

Metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer.
Glode LM.
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, Colorado.

Treatment options for muscle-invasive urothelial cancer for patients who were not eligible for cystectomy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin: report of Southwest Oncology Group Trial 8733.
BACKGROUND.: Many patients with invasive urothelial cell cancer are poor candidates for cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and many are high risk for cystectomy. Southwest Oncology […]

On the origins of novelty in development and evolution.
The origin of novel traits is what draws many to evolutionary biology, yet our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the genesis of novelty remains limited. Here I review definitions of novelty including its relationship to homology. I then discuss how ontogenetic perspectives may […]

Visualizing new dimensions in Drosophila myoblast fusion.
Over several years, genetic studies in the model system, Drosophila melanogastor, have uncovered genes that when mutated, lead to a block in myoblast fusion. Analyses of these gene products have suggested that Arp2/3-mediated regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial to myoblast fusion in the fly. […]